PRESENT TENSE
Present tenses in English are used to describe actions, events, or situations that are happening now, habitual actions, general truths, or future actions. There are several present tenses in English, each serving a specific purpose. Here are the main present tenses:
Simple Present:
Form: Subject + base form of the verb (e.g., walk, talk).
Use: Describes general truths, habitual actions, or events happening now.
Examples:
She walks to school every day. (habitual action)
Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. (general truth)
Present Continuous:
Form: Am/is/are + present participle (verb + -ing).
Use: Describes actions happening at the moment of speaking or temporary actions in progress.
Example: They are playing tennis right now.
Present Perfect:
Form: Have/has + past participle of the verb.
Use: Indicates actions that happened at an indefinite time in the past but have a connection to the present.
Example: She has visited Paris before.
Present Perfect Continuous:
Form: Have/has been + present participle (verb + -ing).
Use: Describes the duration of an action that started in the past and continues into the present.
Example: I have been working on this project for two hours.
Simple Present vs. Present Continuous:
Simple Present: Used for general truths or habitual actions.
Example: She speaks Spanish fluently. (general truth)
Present Continuous: Used for actions happening at the moment of speaking or temporary actions in progress.
Example: She is speaking with the manager right now.
Present Perfect vs. Present Perfect Continuous:
Present Perfect: Indicates actions completed at an indefinite time in the past with a connection to the present.
Example: They have visited that museum before.
Present Perfect Continuous: Describes the duration of an ongoing action from the past to the present.
Example: I have been studying all morning.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the present tense.
She usually __________ (go) to the gym after work.
I __________ (study) for my exams this week.
They __________ (watch) a movie every Friday night.
We always __________ (have) lunch at 12:00.
The sun __________ (shine) brightly in the morning.
Answers: Goes, am studying, watch, have, shines.
Practice Exercises:
Last summer, we (go) on a road trip across the country.
Last summer, we went on a road trip across the country.
While she (study) for the exam, her friends (watch) a movie.
While she was studying for the exam, her friends were watching a movie.
The children usually (play) in the park after school.
The children usually play in the park after school.
Yesterday, they (visit) the museum downtown.
Yesterday, they visited the museum downtown.
I (live) in this city for five years now.
I have lived in this city for five years now.
He (not/eat) anything since breakfast.
He has not eaten anything since breakfast.
Sarah (finish) her work before lunchtime today.
Sarah finished her work before lunchtime today.
We (not/see) each other for a long time.
We haven't seen each other for a long time.
The team (practice) hard for the upcoming competition.
The team is practicing hard for the upcoming competition.
Last night, she (read) a fascinating book until midnight.
Last night, she read a fascinating book until midnight.
My grandparents (travel) around the world when they were younger.
My grandparents traveled around the world when they were younger.
While I (wait) for the bus, it suddenly (rain).
While I was waiting for the bus, it suddenly started raining.
They (be) friends since kindergarten.
They have been friends since kindergarten.
The chef (prepare) a special dish for the guests.
The chef prepared a special dish for the guests.
The company (expand) its business to new markets.
The company is expanding its business to new markets.
By the time we arrived, the concert (already/start).
By the time we arrived, the concert had already started.
Maria (not/visit) her relatives for years.
Maria has not visited her relatives for years.
The cat (sleep) peacefully on the windowsill.
The cat is sleeping peacefully on the windowsill.
He (learn) to play the guitar when he was a teenager.
He learned to play the guitar when he was a teenager.
Every morning, they (go) for a run in the park.
Every morning, they go for a run in the park.
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